Two-level liquid fuel burner



Aug. 8, 1944.

J. L. BREESE ET AL TWO-LEVEL LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed May 16 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l 13 /4 ,7 m I II 1 I I k fi 33 r g 1 6%a2ei6'pe6e66e Q9 esfsssso'aof I I I i ,2 /1 Q O O O 0 O O r 8 0 a a! o O m o o u 5 2 no A0 20 19 22 f7 0 h O i o o o 1 y. LEVEL 16 O 5 0| i [1 I O O Q Q r i E 1 i\ i I I I f I I1 16 15 17 E M I E 10 2g.

Aug. 8, 1944. J, L. BREESE ET AL TWOLEVEL LIQUID FUEL BURNER I Filed'May 16, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jizmep' L.Bree,$e

JZtiov ngyg Patented Aug. 8,

Two-Lawn. uqum Font scam James L. m, suits Fe, N. u ilise Milton D. Husto Chicago, IlL, asligno vices, Santa Fe, N. Hen, allmited Illinois rate 0!! Departnershi Application May is, 1042,- Serial No. 441,201

' s Claims. (or, rte-e1) Our invention relates to an improvement in pot type burners and has for one purpose the provision of a pot type burner in which a liquid ruel is supplied to the burnerat a plurality of separate points. g

Another purpose is, to provide such a .burner in which the fuel is supplied at a plurality of diil'erent levels.

' Another purpose is to provide such a burner in which a liquid fuel is delivered to the bottom of the pot at a relatively low rate to support pilot or lowgfire combustion, the major supply of fuel being delivered at a higher level to support intermediate or high\flre combustion.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course or the specification.

We illustrate our invention more or lessdiagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section through one form of our invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical axial section through a variant form;

Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section through a still further variant form;

Fig. 4 is a vertical axial section through a still further variant form;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a partial section through a variation of the device. v I

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1 indicates any suitable outer housing or drum, with supporting means or legs I to space it above the floor or member 8 upon which it is positioned, thus providing air gaps! to permit air to flow into a lower portion or the housing. I is a bottom element illustrated as having a central aperture 6 to permit air to flow upwardly in the lowerportion of the housing l. 1 is any suitable supporting means, herein shown as an angle ring, upon which rests the upper flange of the pot I. The pot has a gem erally concave bottom 0, to which a liquid fuel is supplied along a fuel inlet ll.

The wall of the pot is provided with a plurality of primary air inlet apertures ll, located at various levels. Any suitable means may be employed for admitting secondary air at or near the top of the. pot. We illustrate for example a row of secondary air inlets ii. The top or the pot is partially closed by a flame ring II, with a central flame aperture i4. :Ilis a vaporizing ring herein shown aslocated above the lowest row of holes II, and mounted for example one plurality of pins or supports It. The ringit may have a circumferential clearance gap ii, if desired, or it may be fitted snugly into the pot.

I! ma fuel pipe for delivering fuel to the vaporizing ring. The vaporizing ring is somewhat dished, andhas an outer upwardly turned rim lland an inner upwardly turned rim or edge 2|. Thus, an annular trough is provided about a central-aperture Ii, axially aligned with the flame aperture l4.

22 indicates any suitable float chamber or control, the details of which do not of themselves form' part of the present invention. Fuel may be delivered to the control 22, from any suitable source of liquid fuel not herein shown, and a supply oi fuel may flow thence along the pipe ll. 28 indicates any suitable control means for controlling the volume of flow alon the pipe It.

It will be understood that it may be operated manually, or, if desired, any suitable automatic control means may be employed whereby, for

example, under the control of a thermostat, an

increased flow of fuel may be supplied when heat is desired, and the flow may be lowered or cut down to zero when less neat or no heat is desired.

We illustrate a supplemental control chamber 24, which receives fuel from the top chamber and delivers it along the pipe II. The fuel control means is preferably adapted to deliver constantly suflicient fuel along the pipe Ill to maintain a pilot fire in the lower part of the pot below the vaporizing ring II. We, may employ a twolevel control device such as is shown in the copending application Serial No. 431,792, filed February 21, 1942, but it will be understood that anysuitable means for supplying a liquid fuel at the two levels or two points may be employed.

ring II, we provide a cup or pan In, which is hereln shown aslocated just above the lowest row oi primary 'air inlets II. 'It will be understood, of course, that it may be located at other levels. Preferablyit may be made circular, its rim ll being generally concentric with the cen- Referring to the form of Fig. 2, in place ofthe ter of the pot I. It will be understood that other forms and shapes of pan maybe employed, the

.0! the pot. The shape may 2 second position is indicated as at lib, and a third position as at I50. It will be understood that the location of the upper chamber 220 of the oil control is varied to suit the level of the vaporizer, the lower chamber 244 being advantageously left in its original position, in general horizontal alignmentwith the bottom of the pot.

Referring to the form of Figs. 4 and 5, in the place of either the ring I! of Fig. 1, or the pan 30 of Fig. 2, we employ a trough 50, which may extend from side to side of the pot, the vaporiz ing area or the area to receive the fuel to be vaporized being defined by the side walls I, herein shown as parallel and as extending across the pot. End walls 52 close the space and prevent oil leakage.

As shown in Fig. 4, in full line, the container is just above the lowest row of primary air inlets, but as indicated in dotted line at a, it will be understood that the pan may be positioned at other levels. Note also a diflerence in shape in the pan illa, the ends being rounded, as at 50b. 1

Referring to Fig. 6, we illustrate a circumferential trough 60 having an outer flange il, a downwardly extendinginner lip or bead l2, and an upwardly extending cylindrical flange OI terminating in a lip N. If desired, an oil inlet may be made integral with; or may be secured permanently to the trough. The trough may be 'supported in any suitable fashion as upon pegs or pins 86. Y

It will be realized that, whereas we have illustrated and described apractical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention. We therefore wish that the drawings and description be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic, rather than as a limitation to the precise showing. For example, whereas we have illustrated a loose..removable ring I! in the pot, the ring may be permanently secured, or other means may and bottom of the pot.

The location of the vaporizing container may be varied from near the top to near the bottom be widely varied, the forms herein shown being merely illustrative, and the number of vaporizing containers may be varied.

The use andoperation of the invention are as follows: I

The upper part of the housing I serves as a combustion chamber 10. At the high-fire the fuel supplied to the ring I! will be vaporized by the combustion taking place above it, and will mix with the.primary air supply through the apertures H to produce a primary incompletely combustible mixture. As this mixture rises, it receives its secondary air from the apertures 12, and the final mixture is burned at or above the level of the flame ring ii. The rate of combustion is controlled by varying the rate of flow of fuel along the pip is.

Where a minimum fire is desired, the control device may beturned, for example, to cut off any flow of liquid at all along the pipe II, a minimum flow of liquid continuing along the pipe II. This liquid is vaporized on the bottom I of the pot and receives its air supply through the lowest row of holes I]. Combustion then may take place at or near the ring I. The pilot flame will give off only a small amount of heat, but it will be sufpassage II to be employed for providing a vaporizing member intermediate top flcient to keep the ring II heated, and the burner hot enough so that when, in response to manual manipulation or thermostatic control, fuel again flows along the pipe [8, the rate of vaporization will at once go up, the level of combustion will rise in the pot, and the heater will operate as an efllcient heating unit.

'In-the various forms illustrated herein, in each case. a vaporizing container ring, pan or trough is shown, located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot. The major supply of fuel is delivered to this container for vaporization. 'The pilot flow of fuel is delivered through the lower the bottom of the pot. In each form herein shown the vaporizing container is of such size and shape as to leave ample communicating space between the upper and lower portions of the pot. And the pilot flame is effective to maintain the container properly heated for the prompt initiation of full combustion when an additional supply of fuel is provided. It will be understood that we may, as shown in Fig. 3, mm ploy a plurality of containers of any suitable size and shape and may permit the fuel to cascade down the series of containers.

We claim:

1. In a pot type burner, a burner pot with a circumferential wallhaving a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various levels in the wall, means for delivering secondary air adjacent the top of the pot, an open topped liquid fuel vaporizing container located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot, and spaced upwardly above and awayfrom the bottom of the pot, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said vaporizing container and for maintaining a predetermined level of liquid fuel therein, and additional means for delivering liquid fuel to the bottom of the pot at a level below said vaporizing container, the fuel in said vaporizing container being subjected tothe heat of combustion taking place in and above that portion of the pot which is located above said vaporizing container.

2. In a pot type burnerra burner potwith a circumferential wall having a plurality of air inlet apertures located at. various levels in the wall, means for delivering secondary air adiacent the top of the pot, an open topped liquid fuel vaporizing container located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot, and spaced upwardly above and away from the bottom of the pot, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said vaporizing container and for maintaining a predetermined level of liquid fuel therein, and additional means for delivering liquid fuel to the ing container, the fuel in said vaporizing container being subjected to the heat of combustion taking place in and above that portion 'of the pot which is located above said vaporizing container, said vaporizing container being in the form of an annulus having a central aperture surrounded by an upwardly extending wall.

3. In a pot type. burner, a burner pot with a circumferential wall having a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various levels in the wall, means for delivering secondary air adjacent the top 'of the pot, an open topped liquid fuel vaporizing container located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot, and spaced upwardly above and away from the bottom of the pot, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said vaporizing container and for maintaining a predeterminedflevel of liquid fuel therein, and adtion taking place in ing container, the fuel in said vaporizing container being subjected to the heat of combusand above that portion of the pot which is located above said vaporizing container, said vaporizing container being in the form of an annulus having a central aperture surrounded by an upwardly extending wall, the

bottom of said annulus having its deepest portion adjacent and surrounding said central aperture.

4. In a pot type burner, a burner pot with a circumferential wall having a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various levels in the wall, means for delivering secondary air adjacent the top of the pot, an open topped liquid fuel vaporizing container located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot and spaced upwardly above and away from the bottom of the pot, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said vaporizing container and determined level of liquid fuel therein. and additional means for delivering liquid fuel to tilt,- bottom of the pot at a level below said vaporizing container, the fuel in said vaporizing container being subjected to the heat of combustion for maintaining a preas said air inlet apertures.

taking place in and above that portion of the pot which is located above said vaporizing container, and means for selectively mounting said vaporizing container at a plurality of levels in the pot.

5. In a pot type burner, a burner pot with a circumferential wall having a plurality of air inlet apertures locatedat various levels in the wall, means'i'or delivering secondary air adjacent the top of the pot, an open topped liquid fuel vaporizing .container located intermediate the top and bottom of the pot, and spaced upwardly above and away from the bottom of the pot, means for delivering a liquid fuel to said vaporizing container and for maintaining a predetermined ievel of liquid fuel therein, and additional means for delivering liquid fuel to the bottom of the pot at a level below said vaporizing container, the fuel tainer being subjected to the heat of combustion taking place in and above that portion of the pot which is located above said vaporizing container, said vaporizing container being located above the lowest and below the highest of JAMES 1.. passes. MILTON p. HUSTON.

in said vaporizing con- 

